Newberry Volcano (with Newberry Caldera) is a large potentially active shield volcano located 40 miles (64 km) east of the Cascade Range and about 20 miles (32 km) southeast of Bend, Oregon, within the Newberry National Volcanic Monument.
It is not a typical shield volcano because, in addition to erupting basaltic lavas, it also has erupted andesitic and even rhyolitic lava.
The volcano is 25 miles (40 km) in diameter and has a total volume of 120 cubic miles (500 km3). It possesses a large oval-shaped caldera 4 by 5 miles (6.4 km × 8.0 km) in diameter, called the Newberry Caldera. Within the caldera there are two lakes (Paulina Lake and East Lake), many pyroclastic cones, lava flows, and obsidian domes.
A deep gash in the northern flank, dubbed "The Fissure", is the end of a 29-mile (47 km) long series of fractures called the Northwest Rift Zone. Approximately 6,100 years ago, basaltic lava flows erupted from the fissure and covered part of Newberry's northwest flank.
Newberry Volcano was named for John Strong Newberry, who explored central Oregon for the Pacific Railroad Surveys in 1855.
During the Apollo program, parts of the volcano that resemble the Moon's surface were used to train the astronauts.
The Horse Lava Tube System, the Arnold Lava Tube System, and Lava Butte are all on the flanks of the volcano.
By elevation Newberry Volcano is
# 37 out of 249 in Deschutes National Forest # 26 out of 223 in Deschutes County # 7 out of 21 in Newberry National Volcanic Monument # 7 out of 124 in the Paulina Mountains
By prominence Newberry Volcano is
# 17 out of 21 in Newberry National Volcanic Monument # 97 out of 124 in the Paulina Mountains
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