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The Tafen Mountain and Tafen Pool Special Scenic Area (塔芬山、塔芬池特別景觀區) in central Taiwan merges one of Taiwan’s top 100 peaks and an alpine lake. Tafen Shan (塔芬山), measuring 3,069 meters (10,069 ft), is the only named peak in the park.
Tafen Mountain and Tafen Pool Special Scenic Area straddle the borderline of two counties: Taoyuan District (桃源區) of Kaohsiung City (高雄市) to the west and Zhuoxi Township (卓溪鄉) of Hualien County (花蓮縣) to the east. More significantly, this scenic area is situated in Yushan National Park (玉山國家公園), where most of Taiwan’s tallest peaks congregate.
Tafen Shan is featured in arduous treks such as the Batongguan Ancient Road and the intrepid Second South Section Trail, each a multi-day hike. Belonging to Taiwan’s rugged backcountry, Tafen Mountain and Tafen Pool Special Scenic Area is remote, untouched, and offers sweeping views of this mountainous region.
Situated near the trailhead to Tafen Shan, the rainwater pond of Tafen Pool lies at an elevation of 2,950 meters (9,678 ft). Although very high, it sits at a lower elevation than nearby Jiaming Lake (嘉明湖), Taiwan’s second-highest alpine lake at 3,310 meters (10,860 ft).
Comprising the concentrated and colossal center of Taiwan’s Central Mountain Range (中央山脈), Tafen Mountain and Tafen Pool Special Scenic Area is surrounded by towering peaks belonging to the prestigious list of Baiyue, Taiwan’s 100 tallest peaks. Situated north is Dafenjianshan (達芬尖山), with Lulu Shan (辘辘山) to the south. Nearby in the northwest is Yushan (玉山) and its surrounding peaks, strikingly visible from Tafen Shan’s summit.
The annual average temperature is 52°F (11°C), with sweltering summers and freezing winters. Annual rainfall of 4,500 mm (177 in) and humidity levels of 80% create a nurturing environment for the mountain’s vegetation. Cloud cover can dominate the mountain, especially in the afternoon, so morning hiking is the best for clear views.
Part of the Central Mountain Range’s 260 km (162 mi) linear spine across Taiwan’s center, Tafen Shan’s metamorphic rock dates between the late Paleozoic to Mesozoic Eras, making them the island’s oldest rocks.
Approximately two to three million years ago, a significant geological event known as the Penglai orogenic movement occurred when the Eurasian and Philippine Sea plates collided and exerted pressure on each other. This collision impacted Taiwan's formation, causing the two tectonic plates to continue moving toward each other.
Intense pressure forced mountains to rise, pushing up the old metamorphic rock layers to form the Central Mountain Range. These relatively fragile metamorphic formations exhibit well-defined joints and faults, leading to cliffs, precipices, and scree fields.
The Scenic Area has a diverse ecology of broadleaf and conifers. Hardwood trees dominate the environment in the lower regions, with dense groves of alder, poplar, and oak. Above 2,500 meters (8,202 ft), softwood arboreals such as fir, pine, hemlock, and juniper thrive.
As the Scenic Area is remote and untouched, wildlife is present and inhabits the woodlands. Watch out for sightings of the Taiwan black bear, and keep an eye open for the Formosan macaque, wild boar, and mountain goat. Over 100 bird species have been recorded in this area, including the chestnut-backed thrush, Taiwan rosefinch, and Taiwan goldcrest.
A Bunun stronghold, Tafen Shan and its surrounding peaks were home to this mountain-dwelling tribe. Living at elevations between 1,000 to 1,500 meters (3,281 to 4,921 ft), they would hunt in areas from 500 to 3,000 meters (1,640 to 9,843 ft). The Bunun people were the highest-dwelling indigenous tribe in Taiwan.
During the Japanese Occupation Era, the Bunun people were forced to move from their residences to a surveillance road policed by the Japanese. This was so the Japanese could enhance the Batongguan Ancient Road, which penetrated Yushan National Park’s mountains to link the west to the east and to disempower Taiwan’s indigenous people who had an advantage of living in the mountainous region.
Explore these hiking trails and areas when visiting the Tafen Mountain and Tafen Pool Special Scenic Area:
An enticing trek for experienced hikers, the South Section Two Trail spans over 60 km (37 mi), summiting a series of towering peaks extending beyond 3,000 meters (9,843 ft). Starting from Batongguan Shan (八通關山) and working its way to Xiangyang Shan (紅葉山), the trail follows rugged terrain of vertical cliffs and narrow ridges with constantly changing weather conditions.
One notable advantage of the Southern Section Two Trail is its relatively low foot traffic. The trail's challenging course, characterized by steep climbs, dramatic cliffs, and high altitudes, has established its reputation as a formidable undertaking. Frequent rainfall and unpredictable weather also figure into this route’s difficulty. It’s appealing if you crave a solitary and demanding adventure.
The Southern Section Two Trail offers a captivating journey through diverse landscapes. As you ascend, you’ll begin to admire breathtaking vistas of rugged backcountry shrouded in clouds.
Situated near Tafen Shan is the scenic Batongguan Yunlong Waterfall (雲龍瀑布), a 4.5 km (2.7 mi) trip from Dongpu Trailhead, where a three-layered cascade with a 100-meter (328 ft) drop creates a captivating spectacle.
To reach the waterfall, traverse the father-son cliff, a notoriously sheer section of the trail where you’ll rely on guardrails and iron chains for safety. However, prepare for a sight to behold as the waterfall’s stream descends from the nearly vertical valley wall, creating a thunderous display of rushing water. Enveloped in a lush, warm temperate forest and a veil of fog, Batongguan Yunlong Waterfall is a mesmerizing sight to behold.
The Yushan Main Peak Trail starts at Tataka Trailhead and offers options to summit Yushan or explore nearby mountains. The trek from Tataka Saddle to Yushan Main Peak is 10.9 km (6.7 mi) long.
Hikers typically split the journey over two days for a better experience and rest. After departing from the trailhead, you’ll hike 8.5 km (5.3 mi) to reach Paiyun Lodge at 3,402 meters (11,161 ft). The elevation gain is 1,000 meters (3,281 ft), with some hikers feeling the effects of altitude around the 3,000-meter mark.
The trail includes uphill and downhill sections, steady trail grades, and resting points every 500 meters (1,640 ft). At the 5 km mark (3.1 mi), there's a viewing platform with beautiful vistas of the surrounding peaks and forests.
Stay overnight at Paiyun Lodge, but you’ll have to pre-book due to limited space. A popular option, sleeping at Paiyun Lodge is an excellent choice for an early morning summit to witness the sunrise and breathtaking mountain scenery. The 2.4 km (1.5 mi) climb to the summit features a 500-meter (1,640 ft) elevation gain, requiring determination, endurance, and a good night's sleep.
You’ll often encounter crowds, especially during the challenging sections when traffic backs up on the mountain near the narrow ridges. Once you’re past the steep sections, you’ll reach the summit, where you can enjoy a panoramic view of Yushan’s neighboring peaks.
Belonging to the end section of the South Section Two Trail, Jiaming Lake Trail is a shorter 13 km (8 mi) trail for adventurers wishing to view Taiwan’s second-highest alpine lake without having to scramble across 60 km (37 mi) of mountainous terrain for several days.
You’ll first ascend Xiangyang Shan, most known for Baimulin, its petrified deadwood forest of milky-colored juniper, hemlock, and fir. As you’re traversing from Xiangyang Shan to Sancha Shan (三叉山), you’ll encounter sweeping views of Xiangyang Shan, Xinkang Shan (新康山), Xiuguluan Shan (秀姑巒山), and Yushan. In the springtime, the hilly environment is showered with blossoms of Alishan gentian, Yushan rhododendrons, and Yushan azaleas.
Once you begin your descent of Sancha Shan, you’ll reach Jiaming Lake, situated on the southeast slope of this hill. Jiaming Lake presents a picturesque scene where the still surface reflects the sun's warm glow. Watch for Taiwan sambar deer roaming by the lakeside, adding to the tranquil ambiance.
Xiangyang Forest (向陽森林遊樂區), a destination for hiking enthusiasts, is nestled at an impressive altitude of 2,320 meters (7,611 ft). This temperate woodland boasts a rich diversity of plant life, with a flourishing mix of hardwood maple, coniferous Taiwan red cypress, and Taiwan two-leaf pine dominating the ecological landscape.
One of the remarkable features of Xiangyang Forest is its strategic location, which allows for unparalleled views of some of Taiwan's highest peaks. You can see majestic summits From the thriving mountain grove such as Yushan, Xiuguluan Shan, and Batongguan Shan in the north. To the west, Taguan Shan (大關山), Xitou Shan (溪頭山), and Guanshan's (關山) offer a glimpse of the grandeur of nature's creations.
Due to its remote location, there is no ideal place to stay near Tafen Mountain and Tafen Pool Special Scenic Area. However, two places on opposite coasts that are likely bases are Chiayi City (嘉義市), near Taiwan’s west coast, and Yuli Township (玉里镇), situated near Taiwan’s east coast.
Located in southwestern Taiwan, Chiayi City is known for its warm and welcoming atmosphere. Once you exit the train station, the city’s aesthetic isn’t too appealing. Still, you’ll begin to appreciate the city’s natural beauty and vibrant culture as you leave downtown and explore its neighborhoods.
If you’re seeking a relaxing retreat, then head to Guanziling Hot Springs (關子嶺溫泉), located on the hillside south of Chiayi. Rich in sulfur and magnesium, these mud hot springs offer therapeutic benefits such as improved circulation and relief from muscle pain. Located amidst picturesque natural surroundings, you can explore many hiking trails boasting scenic viewpoints and lush forests.
Chiayi Botanical Gardens in central Chiayi City is home to tropical trees and experimental conifer groves. The lush greenery is enhanced by towering forests along the paths. With over 355 plant species, including beautiful flowering plants like wild ginger and jasmine, the 8.6 ha (21 ac) garden offers a refreshing experience. It’s an urban oasis within the concrete jungle.
For train enthusiasts, the Alishan Forest Railway Garage Park (阿里山森林鐵路車庫園區) houses a collection of antique steam-engine locomotives that once traveled the forests of Alishan. In addition to the steam engines, various other types of trains occupy this outdoor museum, including diesel locomotives, railcars, and freight cars. A day spent at Alishan Forest Railway Garage Park offers an intriguing glimpse into the world of vintage transportation.
Located in Hualien County on Taiwan’s east coast, Yuli Township may initially appear unremarkable. While it is a quiet village, this small community is an ideal retreat for those seeking a peaceful stay amidst Taiwan's serene countryside.
If you’re feeling adventurous after your visit to Tafen Mountain and Tafen Pool Special Scenic Area, climb Liushishishan (六十石山), a small coastal hill for views of the Pacific Ocean and scenic Huadong Valley. In the summer months of August and September, the golden carpet of daylilies adds to the scenery on the verdant landscape.
After your coastal hillside climb, spend a day relaxing at Antong Hot Springs (安通溫泉). These thermal springs feature a combination of hydrogen sulfide, known for its rejuvenating properties, resulting in a distinct aroma. Situated in a scenic valley, enjoy the serene ambiance and observe the gentle mist that envelops the thermal spring.
Another wonder near Yuli Township is Nan’an Falls, a 50-meter (164 ft) cascade near the Walami Trail. You won’t have to venture far to find Nan’an Falls, only a one-minute walk from the trailhead. The waterfall is surrounded by a dense, lush green grove, offering a cool, damp atmosphere to escape the heat.
The most convenient way to get to Tafen Mountain and Tafen Pool Special Scenic Area is from Chiayi. Take the Taiwan High-Speed Rail (THSR) or local express train (TRA) from Taiwan’s major cities to Chiayi City. Once there, take the 7322 bus from Chiayi Station to Alishan, where you’ll transfer to the 6739 bus headed to Sun Moon Lake. Once you reach the Dongpu Trailhead bus stop, begin your journey to Tafen Mountain and Tafen Pool Special Scenic Area. If you prefer to hire a car or scooter, it's a 109 km (68 mi) drive from Chiayi.
Explore Tafen Mountain and Tafen Pool Special Scenic Area with the PeakVisor 3D Map and identify its summits.
