Jamaica

Located in the Caribbean Sea lies the island nation of Jamaica. The island covers 4,244 square miles and has an estimated population of 2.9 million. The island of Jamaica was originally inhabited by the Arawak and Taino people. In the 1490’s the island came under Spanish rule after Christopher Columbus arrived. Sadly, this led to many of the indigenous people being killed or dying of diseases. It wasn’t until 1962 that the island achieved independence from the United Kingdom. The island is also known for being the birthplace of reggae music.

There are 345 named mountains in Jamaica. The highest and the most prominent mountain is Blue Mountain Peak at 7, 402 feet. Other notable mountains on the island include Don Figuerero, Santa Cruz, May Day Mountains, Dry Harbor Mountains, John Crow Mountains, and the Blue Mountains. By land, Jamaica is the third largest island within the Caribbean, with the largest city being Kingston.

The climate of the island is tropical. This means there is often hot and humid weather, with the higher elevations being slightly more temperate. This tropical climate helps support the diverse ecosystems of the island. Today the island is home to over 3,000 different species of native flowering plants, along with various other flora. Because of this immense amount of plant life, there are over 20 botanical gardens on the island, many that are hundreds of years old. The western side of the island tends to be drier and is characterized by the grasslands.

Similar to the plant life, the island is home to a wide variety of animals. Land mammals include bats, wild boar, Asian mongoose, American crocodile, lizards, and snakes, which includes the Jamaican boa. The island is also home to nearly 300 species of birds and the freshwater turtle known as the Jamaican slider. And while the land of Jamaica is diverse and abundant, the region is predominantly known for the aquatic life and coral reef ecosystems. To help protect the diverse ecosystems of the island, Jamaica is continually implementing strict environmental policies.

Major Hikes and Attractions

Blue and John Crow Mountains National Park: The major park on the island is home to one of the most biodiverse regions of the world. The park spans over 100,000 acres across the island, mainly in eastern Jamaica. This National Park offers short nature walks, hiking trails, bird watching, and even camping within the unique rainforest.

Blue Mountain Peak: As the tallest peak on the island, the views from Blue Mountain Peak are breathtaking. The trail totals 3.5 miles round trip when done with a guide. The trail is located within the Blue and John Crow Mountains National Park. The trail starts at the Portland Gap before ascending to the high peak. This region is also known for Jamaica’s Blue Mountain Coffee. From the summit, hikers have panoramic views of the National Park, and the lush forest spreading out below.

Iris Blue Hole: This short nature walk is just over a mile long with 150 feet of elevation gain. The short hike ends at the Iris Blue Hole where hikers can swim, diver, view the waterfalls, and perhaps explore the cave system under the waterfall. The hike can be completed with and without a guide.

Mayfield Falls: Mayfield Falls is nestled in the Dolphin Head Mountains of the island. The trail climbs for an hour before reaching this breathtaking waterfall. Hikers are rewarded with 2 waterfalls, and various natural pools to cool off in, all surrounded by the tropical plants and animals the island is known for.

Major Cities and Resorts

Kingston

With a population of over 1 million people, Kingston is the largest city on the island of Jamaica. A popular tourist destination, Kingston is home to local restaurants, artisan shops, and cultural experiences. The city is surrounded by the Blue Mountains, Red Hills, Long Mountain, and Kingston Harbor. Popular parks and wildlife reserves in the region include Emancipation Park, Hope Gardens, and St. William Grant Park among others. When visiting Jamaica, it is likely that tourists will travel through this major capital city.

Montego Bay

Located on the northwestern side of the island lies Montego Bay. The city is home to over half a million people and a popular destination for tourists and cruise ships. The city is known for its pristine beaches, blue skies, outdoor excursions, and vibrant nightlife. Whether you’re looking for a hiking adventure through the mountains, or a relaxing snorkel trip, Montego Bay has got you covered.